KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES ON THE USES OF ANTIDIABETICS FOR WEIGHT LOSS PURPOSES AMONG SAUDI POPULATION
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a significant health concern globally, especially in Saudi Arabia, where obesity rates have risen dramatically. Obesity and being overweight are linked to various illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Recently, there has been growing interest in the off-label use of antidiabetic medications for weight loss. These medications, such as Ozempic® and Saxenda®, have shown potential for aiding weight management, but their use among non-diabetic individuals raises concerns about safety and efficacy. Objectives: This study aims to assess the awareness, perceptions, and behaviors of Saudi nationals concerning the use of antidiabetic medications for weight management. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted from July to December 2024. Adult male and female Saudi nationals recruited using an electronic questionnaire distributed via social media. The sample size determined to be 385 participants, calculated with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%. Inclusion criteria is adult obese patients aged 18 and above, while non-obese individuals, minors, and non-residents excluded. Data collected through a self-administered electronic questionnaire comprising sections on demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Descriptive statistics and categorical analysis performed using SPSS version 24.0. Results: A total of 518 participants, predominantly young adults with a mean age of 32.5 years. Findings revealed that while 57.5% recognized Ozempic® as effective for weight loss, a significant 30.7% were unaware of any antidiabetic medications. Although 67.5% agreed on the necessity of medical supervision for such medication use, skepticism persisted, with 44.9% doubting their effectiveness. Furthermore, 87.3% reported not using weight loss medications in the past year, relying instead on diet and exercise, highlighting a substantial knowledge gap critical for enhancing patient education and health outcomes. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for enhanced education, improved healthcare provider-patient communication, and the implementation of robust regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe and appropriate use of antidiabetic medications for weight loss purposes among the Saudi population.