ADVANCEMENTS IN GLUCOSE MONITORING: A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Advancements in healthcare technology, specifically in Medicare, have led to the development of both invasive and noninvasive bionic devices for monitoring physiological glucose levels. Traditional invasive methods, such as finger pricking, are described, with an emphasis on the discomfort it may cause, especially in specific populations. The paragraph details the mechanics of finger-pricking tools, highlighting single-use and multi-use devices. The challenges of the conventional finger-pricking method, particularly its painful nature, paves way for the exploration of painless non-invasive glucose monitoring techniques. Non-invasive methods were designed to minimize discomfort and enable continuous glucose monitoring providing real time data. This chapter underscores the significance of continuous monitoring for effective diabetes management. The chapter also addresses the limitations of continuous glucose monitoring, such as potential inaccuracies in subcutaneous glucose concentration readings that could impact insulin infusion rates, leading to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. It notes that existing studies primarily focus on improving the performance and accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring devices, with limited attention to meta-analysis, analyte types for glucose sensing, diabetes types, and the analysis of glucose concentration trends and patterns. This chapter also provides a comprehensive review of top commercialized continuous glucose monitoring systems in the market, offering insights into their role in glycemic control and diabetes management.